This is what I've tried thus far.
Changed system locale
Changed decimal operator
Changed system location
Rolled back motherboard AND graphics drivers (independently of each other)
Disabled excess services (e.g. Asus' AI Suite; it's interfered with things in the past)
Disabled RAPID SSD acceleration
Installed older versions of Visual Studio
Reinstalled older, and up-to-date versions of the VC++ runtimes
Disabled (and unplugged) graphics card in an attempt to run it on the Intel HD Graphics
Run through compatibility layers, with and without Administrative rights
In between all these individual steps, I completely removed all traces of leadwerks, redownloaded and reinstalled it, and the runtimes.
Is there a way of getting it to elaborate on the error? Oh, do note that I get this error before Leadwerks' splash screen even shows up, I've never gotten the engine to load that far on this computer.
I managed to get the engine to run without any issues on my Windows 8 Intel Atom Tablet, but I'd prefer to not do any heavy work on that thing, despite how lovely it is for simple day-to-day tasks and lighter workloads.